Glossary of Nuclear Chemistry Terms

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.

Half-Life

The time it takes for half of a radioactive sample to decay.

Alpha Particle

A particle with 2 protons and 2 neutrons emitted during radioactive decay.

Beta Particle

A high-speed electron emitted from a decaying neutron.

Gamma Radiation

High-energy electromagnetic radiation released during radioactive decay.

Fission

When a nucleus splits into smaller parts, releasing energy.

Fusion

When two light nuclei combine to form one heavier nucleus, releasing energy.

Radioactive

A material that emits radiation as it changes into a more stable form.

Nuclear Reaction

A process that changes the nucleus of an atom, involving fission, fusion, or radioactive decay.